By Corey A. ThrushFirst published 2020Updated October 2026
The Layer You Never See

Shingles get the attention. Underlayment does the work.

Roof underlayment is the water-resistant layer that goes down over the wooden roof deck before a single shingle is nailed. Once the roof is finished you will never see it again, which is exactly why so many homeowners never ask about it, and why some roofers cut corners on it.

Shingles shed most of the weather. Roof underlayment is the backup for everything that gets past them: wind-driven rain, water backing up behind an ice dam, and the surprise storm that rolls in while the roof is half done. This guide shows where it sits, what it does, and which GAF products we trust on Miami Valley homes.

Roof underlayment provides an essential protective barrier beneath shingles as part of a complete, integrated roofing system
Layer 2 of 6
Where It Sits

Roof underlayment is layer two of six

Click a number to see what each layer does. We opened it on deck protection.

Cutaway diagram of the six-layer roof system Thrush & Son installs on Dayton, Ohio homes: leak barrier, deck protection, starter strip, architectural shingles, attic ventilation, and ridge cap shingles
1 Leak barrier Self-adhering ice and water membrane at eaves, valleys, chimneys, skylights and pipe boots, running no less than 24 inches past the warm wall. Without itAn ice dam pushes water backward under the shingles. You find out when it comes through the bedroom ceiling. Click any number on the roof to see that layer.
2 Deck protection (roof underlayment) Synthetic underlayment, cap-fastened at 9 inches on center, laid flat and unwrinkled, and shingled the same day it goes down. Without itFelt paper wrinkles, tears under boots, and holds moisture against your sheathing while the roof sits open. Click any number on the roof to see that layer.
3 Starter strip Purpose-made starter with factory adhesive along every eave and rake, 3/8 inch overhang, seams offset from the first course above. Without itCut-up field shingles used as starter. The first course has nothing sealing it down and it goes in the first big blow. Click any number on the roof to see that layer.
4 Architectural shingles Ultra-dimensional laminated shingles in straight courses, correct nailing pattern, joints staggered so no two line up. Without itThin three-tab lays flat, shows every deck imperfection, and lifts in the first straight-line wind. Click any number on the roof to see that layer.
5 Attic ventilation Balanced intake at the soffit and exhaust at the ridge, sized to your attic square footage rather than guessed at. Without itAttic heat cooks the shingles from underneath and the roof ages years early. In January, it builds the ice dam. Click any number on the roof to see that layer.
6 Ridge cap shingles Purpose-made ridge cap over every hip and ridge, not field shingles cut down to fit. Without itCut field shingles crack along the bend within a few winters, and the highest point on your roof is the first to leak. Click any number on the roof to see that layer.
Three Jobs

What roof underlayment actually does

It is not just paper under the shingles. It has three jobs, and a roof needs all of them.

  • 01

    Catches what gets past

    Wind drives rain sideways and ice dams push water uphill. When water slips under a shingle, the roof underlayment sends it back down the roof instead of into the wood.

  • 02

    Protects the open roof

    Between tear-off and the last shingle, the deck is exposed. A properly fastened roof underlayment keeps a surprise shower from soaking the sheathing.

  • 03

    Gives shingles a flat bed

    A smooth, wrinkle-free layer lets each course lie flat and seal properly, which is part of how a roof keeps its wind rating.

Building codes treat it as essential: the residential code published by the International Code Council requires roof underlayment under asphalt shingles, and the National Roofing Contractors Association recommends it on every steep-slope roof.

Felt vs. Synthetic

Old-school felt or modern synthetic?

Asphalt-saturated felt was the standard for decades. Synthetic roof underlayment has taken over for good reason.

CompareTraditional feltSynthetic
Weight per rollHeavy and bulkyLight, more coverage per roll
Tear resistanceTears under boots and windWoven or spunbond, hard to tear
MoistureAbsorbs water, then wrinklesDoes not absorb water
Walking surfaceSlick when wetTextured for traction
Exposure before shinglingShortLonger UV tolerance
The GAF Lineup

Five types of roof underlayment we know by name

Each one fits a different roof, budget and goal. We will recommend one at your estimate.

Deck-Armor™

Premium synthetic
  • Breathable
  • Steep-slope

Lets trapped moisture escape while blocking wind-driven rain, which helps prevent mold and deck rot. Lightweight with a slip-resistant surface.

Tiger Paw™

Synthetic
  • UV-stabilized
  • Walkable

Built for moisture control and long-term resilience, resisting buckling and brittleness. Works under asphalt shingles, slate and metal.

FeltBuster®

Value synthetic
  • Polypropylene
  • Lays flat

Resists tearing and does not soak up water like felt, so it stays flat and keeps performing. Our everyday upgrade over traditional felt.

Shingle-Mate®

Fiberglass-reinforced felt
  • Felt
  • Reinforced

Fiberglass reinforcement keeps it from bubbling and wrinkling when it gets wet, so the finished roof looks smoother than with plain felt.

VersaShield®

Fire-resistant underlayment
  • Fire-resistant
  • Fiberglass

Helps roofing systems reach higher UL fire ratings while still shedding water. A smart choice where fire resistance matters.

Don’t Mix Them Up

Underlayment and leak barrier are not the same thing

Both go under the shingles. They protect different parts of the roof.

Covers the whole deck

Roof underlayment

Mechanically fastened across every square foot of the roof. It sheds water down the slope and protects the deck from the eaves to the ridge.

Read the FeltBuster sell sheet for a closer look.

Covers the weak spots

Leak barrier (ice and water shield)

A self-adhering membrane that seals around nails. We add it at the eaves, in valleys and around chimneys, skylights and pipes, where ice dams and heavy water collect.

See the WeatherWatch leak barrier sell sheet.

How We Install It

The best product fails if it goes on wrong

Roof underlayment only works when it is installed the way the manufacturer intends. It is also part of the system behind your warranty: GAF roof deck protection is one of the four qualifying accessories for the WindProven limited wind warranty on Timberline shingles with LayerLock Technology.

Want to see how every layer fits together? Read our guide to roofing components, or watch GAF put a finished roof through wind, fire and water in Shingles Engineered to Endure.

  1. Inspect and replace damaged decking before anything goes down.
  2. Leak barrier first at eaves, valleys and every penetration.
  3. Roof underlayment laid flat and unwrinkled, cap-fastened at 9 inches on center.
  4. Shingled the same day it goes down, so it never sits exposed.
  5. Matched GAF components so the full system qualifies for coverage.
Questions

Roof underlayment, answered

What homeowners ask us before a roof replacement.

What is roof underlayment?

Roof underlayment is a water-resistant layer installed over the roof deck before the shingles. It sheds water that gets past the shingles and protects the wood while the roof is being built.

Is synthetic underlayment better than felt?

For most homes, yes. Synthetic underlayment is lighter, harder to tear and does not absorb water, so it stays flat. Fiberglass-reinforced felt like Shingle-Mate is a step up from plain felt when a felt product is preferred.

Is underlayment the same as ice and water shield?

No. Underlayment covers the whole deck. A leak barrier is a self-adhering membrane we add at eaves, valleys and around chimneys and pipes, where ice dams and heavy water collect.

Does roof underlayment affect my warranty?

It can. GAF roof deck protection is one of the qualifying accessories for the WindProven limited wind warranty on Timberline shingles with LayerLock Technology.

How do I know what is under my roof?

Usually only when the shingles come off. If you are planning a replacement, call (937) 833-5136. Michelle, our virtual assistant, answers 24/7 and can schedule an inspection.